It's a chance for manufacturers to make a windfall by introducing a whole series of new products "especially designed for the new ball". And they will mysteriously be more expensive. My theory is that this is the main reason that ITTF made this change. I have never believed the "impending ban on celluloid production" explanation claimed by ITTF president Aham Sharara. I also wonder if the people at ITTF who made this decision got something under the table form manufacturers for pushing this change through? International sports federations answer to nobody -- think of FIFA and IOC -- and in Switzerland where most federations have headquarters, this kind of official corruption would not be illegal -- which is why most sports federations maintain their headquarters there. Let me emphasize, this is what I suspect based on my cynical nature. I have no evidence for it. But I don't apologize for raising the question.
Anyway, since it's a done deal, all we can do is hope for the best.
As for anyone who suggests that this change is an attempt to reduce Chinese dominance, my response is follow the money. Not so easy in this case, but still... If ITTF was thinking this could reduce Chinese dominance, they are simply wrong. Actually, ANY rule change, no matter how trivial, ultimately benefits Chinese dominance since (a) they have many more players to choose from and an amazing depth of coaching infrastructure, so will always find the perfect players to match any given set of rules, and (b) they will immediately have a bunch of guys with PhDs figuring out the best way to deal with the new balls and will implement a strategic or equipment-based response to it sooner than everyone else.
They are just better, have orders of magnitude more players and coaches and fundamentally care more about the sport at a national level.